Financing and partnerships
How I Took On $25 Million in Seller Financed Debt Before 31
Eight years of saving got me two units. Here's the backstory, the deal structures, the Robin Hood mistake, and the one rule that actually scaled the portfolio.
I spent eight years saving and earning, saving and earning, and ended up with a house and a duplex. Then I met a 20-year-old with 24 units. That's the moment this whole thing started, and it's why I'm willing to tell you the ugly parts of the story along with the good ones.
Related reading: From a $112,000 Duplex to 24 Units in Three Years, No 1031
This is the backstory behind Multifamily Strategy: how Cody Davis and I met, how we structured our first deals, what the Robin Hood Village Resort cost me in money and sanity, and the one rule I'd carve into a wall if I could only give you one: if it's simple, it's repeatable, and if it's repeatable, it's scalable.
Eight Years of Saving Got Me Two Units
I got out of college with a business degree and subscribed to the Dave Ramsey policy. Save, save, don't take on debt. Eventually you can afford a house, then a couple of rentals, and you snowball that into infinity. The problem is that the government kept printing money the whole time. Every time I saved, the money was worth less.
So I scaled a career instead. I started at $11.50 an hour screen printing t-shirts, went to the supplier and sold for them at $42,000 a year for two years, then landed at Lands.com: basically LoopNet or Zillow for farmland and ranchland. CoStar bought them, and I moved up that company for four years.
And I made one critical mistake. I wanted to get into real estate, so I went and worked around real estate. Lands, then LoopNet, then Apartments, then the main CoStar product. The whole time, I managed to buy a single duplex.
Then COVID hit and I could not do corporate world from my house. My wife was teaching kindergarten from the other side of our thousand-square-foot house while I took calls from office and retail clients who all wanted the same thing: "Hey, we're not doing any business, can we cancel our subscription?" That was my job for a year. So I left.
Meeting Cody, and Realizing the Math Was Broken
I ended up in a little office in Tacoma generating leads for brokers, working for a brokerage that had no idea how to service a lead. There was one kid in that office, 20 years old. You'd send him a lead and magically he'd get you an offer.
He was so good at it that I got my broker's license, and Cody Davis and I started knocking out all the leads in the call center. A fourplex in Port Orchard. A duplex in Bremerton. Deal after deal. Then I had the realization. Cody had seller financed a 12-plex. Then another 12-plex. And he was about to close on a six. So he has 24 rental units, he's 20 years old, and he's closing his third seller finance deal. I'm looking at my single duplex thinking: there is a potential problem with this Dave Ramsey model. I have two units, eight years of work, a college degree, and a climb up the corporate ladder, and I don't have much more money than Cody does, because I spent most of mine on a house and a duplex in a really expensive market.
Related reading: Every Deal Structure Behind 100+ Units in Grant County, WA
Then Cody told me about a duplex across the street from the six he was buying. What wasn't explained at the time is that he wanted to broker it to me. He just said, "You need to buy this." And I said, "I do need to buy this, and I can use my own commissions to fix it up." That's where the partnership starts.
The 38-Unit: We Forgot to Raise the Money
Then a 38-unit came up. Cody had been watching it for years, but it was a heavy value-add and he didn't think he could run his existing 30-unit portfolio and another 38 at once. So he asked: what if you and I figure out how to raise the capital?
If you've ever raised capital for the first time, you've had this thought. I love the deal. What if the money doesn't appear? I remember pacing the office holding a Gandalf sword a client had given me, asking what the risks were. Cody said, "Well, the risk of not putting it under contract is not buying it." Good enough reason for me.
The capital raise ended up being the easiest part of the entire transaction, because we forgot to do it. We got so caught up in negotiation, due diligence, and contractors that we were three weeks out when Cody said, "So, we should probably do the part where we bring in the money."
We went to Brandon, our designated broker at an office specializing in duplex, triplex, and fourplex (which a 38-plex is not) and asked if he knew anyone wanting to scale up. Over about four calls, three people committed $100,000 each. One had run a successful flip with Cody, so Cody had essentially just made them that money. Easiest pitch in the world: "Hey, I heard you're liquid a new $100,000. You want to put it here?" Another was a pickleball friend from Renton. Two days of calls and we closed.
The Option Contract Behind Our Structures
At the same time we went under contract on three side-by-side duplexes and needed another $90,000. I met a guy in a Starbucks who'd just lost money on a flip and said he was tired of flips and just wanted to double his money every few years. Boy, did I have a plan for him.
Cody asked how we should structure it. We needed cash flow, and the investor ideally wanted all the upside. So: give him all of the projected original upside. He wants to double his money every five years, so write a contract that does exactly that. He puts in $90,000, we buy him out for $180,000, and we have five years to do it. All the cash flow goes to Cody and me.
He loved it. He had a high-paying job and didn't need cash flow, he needed appreciation. I didn't need appreciation: I was trying to retire my wife from teaching, and appreciation doesn't get you out of teaching. We took the pieces we needed, the pieces the investor wanted, and the pieces the seller had, and mapped them together.
Mechanically it's a standard purchase option contract added as an addendum to the operating agreement, signed at the same time so it's clean. For the six-unit: for consideration of $90,000, we can buy out your 33% equity stake for $180,000 within five years.
One warning: options legally have to be optional. Hence the word. Make it a requirement and you've created a security, and the SEC wants that filed as a syndication. But you can put triggers on what happens if the option isn't exercised. Ours was secured by our equity: if we don't buy you out for $180,000 within five years, we surrender 100% of our equity and you get all three duplexes at our basis. You get a great deal. We do not want to lose our duplexes.
That JV structure covered most of our deals. Five or fewer people, it's a great way to go. Truly passive investors, guaranteed exits, or a lot of specific metrics, and you file with the SEC and run a syndication. I've done a few. They're expensive and time consuming. Not my favorite way to do real estate.
The $50 Grocery Run and the Reserve Mistake
Cody and I had a bad habit early of buying deals that cash flowed with absolutely no reserve. We could close, so we closed. Someone moves out, the cash flow goes into renovating the next unit, and you get it open. Cash flowing and still having no money is a hard place to be.
We filmed a video from my house holding a bag of groceries. "Guys, we did it. Cash flow." It was about $45 or $50 of bacon and eggs, and it fed two guys in their 20s for maybe two days. That was our first year of real estate.
Here's the model. When you buy, your renovation cost and your reserve go in up front. If the deal doesn't pencil with a full reserve, a full renovation budget, and the cash to close, you haven't negotiated a deal yet. We didn't understand that until five deals in and a year of being broke.
Second lesson: simple contracts are bankable contracts. The first couple of times we went for a bank loan, the lender said our portfolio was amazing but held together with toothpicks and bubble gum. Every loan we had was creative: no bank had ever bet on us. The 38 was different: a standard seller finance note and a few partners bought out at the refi. Nothing crazy to explain. They wrote us a big check, we bought out the partners, and we owned it outright for years.
Robin Hood: The Most Expensive Lesson I've Paid For
We bought the Robin Hood with a few capital partners: Cody, me, and another operator I'll leave unnamed. Within the first year we cut them a small check and said, "Your options are we pay you a little money, or we probably have to sue you. This isn't working." They said, "Oh, I would love money."
The down payment was $1 million. I was told zero, and it became a million. $700,000 came from a private investor promised a return in year three, and $300,000 from someone with a five-to-eight-year window who said he'd ride as long as we wanted.
The plan was the plan we ran on everything then: no renovation budget, no reserve, renovate out of cash flow. Our projections were essentially "we'll be better marketers and tighter operators than the prior owners," and we'd earn our way through the buyouts.
In practice, the marketing budget got spent on tree removal, cabin revitalization, roofs, and furnace fires. The way we structured the note, all our proceeds at the end of summer paid down the loan. So the resort banks money all summer, we hand it to the prior owners, our mortgage cost drops, and Cody and I perpetually had $0 for three years. Then a tree falls and we're out again. In board games we call that top decking: you're out of cards and praying the next one saves you.
Around the end of year one, Cody mathed out what we'd need to save per month outside the Robin Hood to pay off a million dollars in two years. Roughly $415,000. We were not cash flowing $415,000 a year and a half in. I remember sitting numb by my fireplace saying, "Cody, the math's not mathing."
Related reading: How I Bought a $4 Million Resort With None of My Own Money
Cody was also 21, living in Union alone and commuting to Moses Lake or Renton, and if you've seen the demographics of Union there are not a ton of 21-year-olds. We had assembled the dream team of three inexperienced people: nobody had ever run a resort in their life. It was the dumbest thing we did in our career.
Would I sell the Robin Hood today? Absolutely not. This is mine, I love it, and Danny and I restructured it recently so my wife and I own and operate it. But if I could go back, I wouldn't have bought it. It put my whole business three years behind, strained my partnership with Cody, and drained our wallets while we were trying to scale property management and multifamily at the same time.
Scale Until Your Big Problems Are Small Problems
Here's the strange upside. Grant Cardone (love him or hate him, I'm more on the not-a-huge-fan side) has a line I loved: if you have problems, just scale until your big problems are small problems.
That's a big reason I moved to Texas and expanded down there. People ask how I went from four units to 400. End of next week we should be at 500, and I'm closing on 144 more, roughly 550 rental units. The honest answer is that the Robin Hood was scary enough that I had to get my butt in gear.
What bothers me is that I could have done this the whole time. The four and a half years I spent building the portfolio I have today (which cash flows way beyond the original $15,000 a month I targeted, and honestly I'd have settled for $10,000) I built because I was scared of the decisions we'd made at the Robin Hood. There's still about a million dollars of work to do here, but now we know we can do it, because we've done it before.
I spent eight years trying to save for a couple of duplexes. With a target that was clear enough, someone with no significant real estate experience, no friends-and-family money, and very limited connections built a huge portfolio. Some days I think, "I wish we hadn't gone through so much pain." Other days: "I wish I had a $5 million problem. That'd be sweet if I could solve that in two years."
Key Takeaways
- Eight years of saving and climbing got me two units. Cody had 24 units at 20 using seller financing. The model matters more than the effort.
- Raising capital is rarely the hard part. On our 38-unit we forgot to raise it until three weeks out, then filled it in about four calls at $100,000 each.
- Structure by matching pieces. Our investor wanted to double his money and didn't need cash flow; we needed cash flow and didn't need appreciation. $90,000 in, $180,000 out within five years solved both.
- Options must legally remain optional or you've created a security. Put the teeth in what happens if the option isn't exercised.
- Buy with the renovation budget and reserve funded up front. If it doesn't pencil with both plus closing cash, you haven't negotiated a deal yet.
- Simple structures refinance. Creative spaghetti gets you a lender saying your portfolio is toothpicks and bubble gum.
- If I buy income, my income goes up. That's my Dave Ramsey equivalent, and it's behind every deal that actually worked.
Watch the full talk above for the whole Robin Hood story, the option contract details, and the numbers behind the scale-up. If you want to go further, there's a free course on getting started in multifamily investing, a free community that comes with a deal calculator, and details on the mentorship program are on the site.
Read the episode transcript
0:00 large part of what I learned throughout 0:01 my career was I needed to scale. So I'll 0:04 give you a little bit of backstory on me 0:06 specifically and how multif family 0:08 strategy even came about. So this will 0:09 be a little backstory for me, a little 0:10 backstory from Cody. I started got out 0:13 of college, got a business degree and I 0:15 subscribed to the Dave Ramsey policy of 0:18 save save. Don't take on debt. 0:21 Eventually you can afford to buy a house 0:23 and then you can get a couple of rental 0:24 properties and you can snowball this 0:26 into infinity. Uh the problem is that 0:28 the government kept printing money the 0:29 whole time. So every time I would save 0:31 the money's worth less and it took me 0:33 eight years of scaling a career. I 0:35 started at 1150 an hour printing screen 0:38 uh screen printing t-shirts. I then went 0:41 to the supplier and started selling for 0:43 them for a salary of $42,000 a year. And 0:47 I did that for two years. I finally 0:51 got a job at lands.com. I had always my 0:53 whole career wanted to get into real 0:54 estate. Zillow was never going to hire 0:56 me because I had no relevant experience. 1:00 Lands.com 1:01 selling farmland, ranchland, it's 1:03 advertising. It's basically Loopnet or 1:05 Zillow for hunting land, ranch land or 1:08 developable plots of land. I work for 1:11 this company for about a year and a 1:12 half. Co-star buys them and they own 1:15 Loopnet Apartments.com, 1:18 the Co-Star data product. And I move up 1:21 that company for four years. I made this 1:23 one critical mistake. I wanted to get 1:26 into real estate. So I worked for lands 1:28 and then I worked for Loopnet. Then I 1:30 worked for apartments. Then I sold the 1:31 main co-star product. The whole time I 1:34 managed to buy a single duplex. So I 1:37 have my single family house. I have a 1:39 duplex. I spent eight years saving and 1:42 earning, saving and earning, saving and 1:43 earning, saving and earning. And I 1:45 bought that property. I had a little bit 1:47 of money left over. Co hits. I leave the 1:50 office. I I I could not do corporate 1:52 world in co working from my house. 1:53 Wife's a kindergarten teacher, so she's 1:55 teaching kindergarten from the other 1:57 side of our thousand foot house. I'm 1:59 over in the other office just having all 2:01 of my clients call in. I have a whole 2:03 lot of office and retail clients in 2:04 COVID. Uh, hey, we're not doing any 2:06 business. Can we cancel our 2:07 subscription? That was my job for a year 2:10 was, hey, we're not buying anything, but 2:11 can we get a refund? Like that was that 2:13 was the job at CoStar. So, I leave 2:15 CoStar and go to this little office in 2:16 Tacoma. I'm running a data center where 2:19 we're generating leads for brokers and 2:21 I'm working for a brokerage that has no 2:23 idea how to service a lead. There was 2:25 one kid in that office. He was 20 at the 2:28 time 2:29 who you send him a lead and then 2:31 magically he gets you an offer. In fact, 2:34 he was so good at this I got my broker's 2:36 license and Cody Davis and I just 2:39 started knocking out all these leads in 2:41 the call center. We do a forplex right 2:43 the actually not too far up the road 2:44 over in um was Port Orchard. We did a 2:48 duplex over in Breton also just up the 2:50 road. We just started knocking out deal 2:52 after deal from this call center. And 2:54 Cody being a young broker just keeps 2:56 showing up at the office. I'm like, 2:57 "What's this kid doing here?" I'm like, 2:58 "Oh, of course he's sniping all the 3:00 leads. He's coming in here brokering 3:02 deals." Cody's in my office probably 3:06 once every other day. We formed this 3:07 friendship and I have this realization. 3:11 Cody at the time had seller financed a 3:13 12plex. He'd seller financed a another 3:15 12plex and he was just, if I recall 3:18 correctly, just about to close on the 3:20 six. I don't think you own the six yet 3:21 when I met you. So, he has 24 rental 3:24 units. He's 20 years old. He's about to 3:27 close on his third seller finance deal. 3:29 And I'm looking at my single duplex 3:33 going like, "Wait a second. There is a 3:36 potential problem with this Dave 3:38 Ramsey's model. I have two units, eight 3:41 years of work, a college degree. I've 3:43 gone up the corporate ladder. I don't 3:46 have much more money than Cody does. I 3:48 have a little bit of cash, 3:50 but I spent most of my money buying my 3:52 house and my duplex in a really 3:54 expensive market. Cody then comes in the 3:57 office. He's like, "Dude, there's this 3:58 duplex right across the street from the 4:00 six I'm buying. You should buy it." Now, 4:02 what wasn't explained to me at the time 4:03 was Cody was wanting to broker the deal 4:06 to me as I was a real estate agent. That 4:09 was not made clear. Cody was just like, 4:10 "You need to buy this." I was like, "I 4:12 do need to buy this and I can use my own 4:14 commissions to fix it up." And Cody's 4:16 like, "And so began the rivalry." No, 4:18 I'm kidding. So Cody and I, that's 4:21 really the start of the relationship. I 4:22 buy this duplex across the street. I 4:25 make up for it later. I buy this duplex. 4:28 I'm fixing this thing up. He's running a 4:29 sixplex. We're car pulling to Moses Lake 4:31 all the time and then this 38 unit comes 4:34 up and Cody's like, "Hey, I've been 4:35 looking at this thing for years and I 4:36 want this thing, but 4:39 that's a big project." He's like, "I I 4:41 can raise the money, but I don't think I 4:43 can run my existing 30 unit portfolio 4:46 and another 38 because this thing's a 4:47 heavy value ad." Cody in my office was 4:50 like, "Hey, what if you and I figure out 4:52 how to raise the capital?" And I 4:54 remember sitting there and many of you, 4:55 if you ever have to raise capital for a 4:56 deal, it's your first time, you've 4:58 probably had this thought. It's like I 5:00 love the deal. What if the money doesn't 5:02 appear? And I remember we were sitting 5:04 here um and I was playing one of my 5:07 clients gave me this uh sword. I have a 5:09 sword from Lord of the Rings, Gandalf 5:11 sword. I remember going around the 5:12 office and we were just playing with the 5:13 sword thinking I'm like, "How would we 5:16 raise the capital for this deal? How 5:19 would we do this? How how what are the 5:23 risks?" And Cody's like, "Well, the 5:24 risks of not putting it under contract 5:25 is not buying it." like, "Okay, good 5:28 enough reason for me." We put it under 5:30 contract. We put together our deal. The 5:32 capital raise ended up being the easiest 5:34 thing of the entire transaction. We 5:36 forgot to do it. We got so caught up 5:37 with the negotiation, the due diligence, 5:39 coordinating the contractors. We were, 5:42 correct me if I'm wrong, Cody, I believe 5:43 it was 3 weeks out, may have been two. 5:46 We were 3 weeks out. And Cody's like, 5:47 "So, we should probably do the part 5:49 where we bring in the money." And I was 5:50 like, "Oh my gosh, that was the part we 5:52 were worried about." 5:54 We went through found. So we went to the 5:57 uh the office. Our designated broker was 5:59 named Brandon. The office specializes in 6:01 selling duplex, triplex, and forplex, 6:04 which is not a 38 plex. We went to 6:06 Brandon and said, "Hey, we're making 6:08 some calls. Do you have anyone in your 6:10 arsenal 6:12 who might want to scale up their 6:14 portfolio?" And Cody had a couple of 6:16 clients who we reached out to. Over the 6:18 course of about four calls, we had three 6:20 people say, "Hey, I would like to commit 6:22 $100,000 to this." One of them was 6:23 someone who had successfully run a flip 6:25 project with Cody. So Cody had 6:26 essentially just made them that money. 6:28 Easiest pitch in the world. Hey, I heard 6:30 you're liquid a new $100,000. You want 6:32 to put it here? Easy pitch. We had one 6:34 of our pickle ball friends from Renton 6:37 ended up funding the deal. And then we 6:38 had one other individual who lives 6:40 actually not that far from here who's 6:41 become a fantastic friend and Cody 6:43 worked with on a lot of projects. 6:46 These three people come in, fund the 6:48 deal. It was two or so days of calls and 6:52 a little bit of negotiation. It just 6:54 came together and we closed it. And then 6:57 at the same time go under contract for 6:59 three sideby-side duplexes. Need another 7:01 90,000. I meet a guy in a Starbucks who 7:04 just lost money on a flip. And he's 7:06 like, "I'm tired of losing money on 7:07 flips. Just want to double my money 7:09 every few years." I'm like, "Boy, do I 7:11 have a plan for you." I remember we were 7:13 sitting, this was sitting in my home 7:15 office and Cody and I were sitting there 7:17 and he was like, "How should we 7:18 structure this?" I'm like, "Well, we 7:19 need cash flow." Welcome in, by the way. 7:21 Snag a seat. Good to see you. How would 7:23 we cash flow? Cuz the investor coming in 7:28 ideally would get all the cash flow. I 7:29 was like, "Well, what if we give them 7:31 all of the uh all of the projected 7:33 original upside?" He's trying to double 7:35 his money every 5 years. What if we just 7:36 write a contract that does that? I'll 7:38 buy you out. You put in 90. I'll buy you 7:41 out for 180. I have five years to do so. 7:44 We'll try to do it early, 7:46 but all the cash flow goes to Cody and 7:48 I. And somehow they're like, "This is a 7:50 great idea." He's like, "I have a 7:52 highpaying job. I don't need the cash 7:53 flow. I need the appreciation." I'm 7:55 like, "Well, I don't need appreciation 7:56 right now. I'm trying to retire my wife 7:57 from teaching." Appreciation doesn't get 7:58 you out of teaching. So, we took the 8:00 pieces that we need and the pieces that 8:02 the investor wanted and the pieces that 8:03 the seller had. We mapped the same 8:05 thing. We said, "Okay, we need someone 8:07 who's trying to multiply their money, 8:09 not trying to get cash flow right now." 8:10 We found that one person in a 8:12 conversation in a Starbucks after we 8:14 were under contract, which is the 8:16 craziest thing to me. And this this 8:19 tends to be what happens when you listen 8:20 to the stories of a lot of people within 8:22 the multif family strategy mentorship. A 8:24 lot of people like, "You won't believe 8:25 how the money came in." I'm like, I 8:26 trust me, I'll I'll believe it. That's 8:28 it's never how you expect it's going to 8:30 come in. It's a conversation in a 8:32 Starbucks. It's a seller who said, "Hey, 8:34 I like you guys. I want to sell this 8:36 building to you. I'll give you less down 8:38 because I like the way you guys 8:39 operate." It was one relationship. 8:42 The seller was some or the sorry the 8:44 funder was some random person in a 8:46 coffee shop who had a high-paying job 8:48 and was interested in what we were 8:50 doing. They wanted to buy a little 8:51 bigger and six units was better than 8:53 what they were doing. Cody and I, all we 8:56 cared about in the beginning was cash 8:58 flow. I just wanted to I really I set my 9:00 goal at 15,000 a month, but if I'm being 9:02 honest, I really just wanted to get to 9:04 $10,000 a month. I'm like, if I had that 9:06 passive, even though it's less than half 9:08 of what I made at CoStar, I can do that. 9:11 I already own my house. I have a rental. 9:13 $10,000 a month at least gets me to the 9:15 point where I don't have to worry about 9:17 the money coming in. I can afford my 9:19 cost of living. And if my wife left her 9:21 job, we can make it work and scale from 9:23 there. That's all I wanted to do. And so 9:26 Cody and I stacked our next deals very 9:29 similarly almost every deal. How do we 9:31 stack the cash flow so that we are 9:33 getting paid, investors are multiplying 9:35 money, and then once we hit t cash flow, 9:38 we started playing with that structure 9:39 and then you can kind of swap it. You 9:40 get 15,000. Oh gosh, how much was that? 9:43 50 bucks. 9:46 We bought groceries with our 9:47 I Oh, I do remember that. Yes. Year one. 9:50 So So in year one of this one, uh we did 9:52 come in and we decided So we had a few 9:53 moveouts. Rents were low. When we raised 9:55 rents, a couple people moved out. That 9:57 thing rips cash flow. Uh, from year two 9:59 on, I have a 100% occupied at market 10:01 rate. It's a It was a great acquisition. 10:04 Cody and I had a bad habit in the 10:06 beginning of buying deals where they 10:09 cash flow with absolutely no reserve 10:12 whatsoever. We're like, "Hey, we can 10:14 close the deal." So, we close the deal, 10:15 we have no reserve. Someone moves out, 10:18 it's cash flowing, 10:20 but it goes into renovating the next 10:22 rental, and then we get it open. Cash 10:24 flowing and still having no money is a 10:26 hard place to be. This is a model for 10:28 everyone. When you buy a deal, your 10:30 renovation cost, your reserve, all of 10:31 this needs to be in upfront. And if you 10:33 can't do the deal, if you don't have the 10:35 money and if you raise the money, if the 10:37 deal doesn't pencil with a full reserve, 10:39 a full rena budget, and the cash you 10:41 need to close, you haven't negotiated a 10:43 deal yet. Cody and I didn't quite yet 10:45 understand this until five deals in and 10:47 being broke for a year. We film a video 10:50 from my house with a bag full of 10:51 groceries. We're like, "Guys, it did it. 10:54 Cash flow." And I I don't even know if 10:57 we spent all $50 on grocery. I think I 10:58 think it was like 45 bucks. And I was 11:00 like I'm like we did it. Bacon and eggs. 11:02 And that fed us for, you know, two days 11:04 because we were two young guys in our 11:06 20s. And that was our first year of real 11:08 estate. Now the 38 cash flowed a lot 11:10 more. We we had a lot of distributions 11:11 from that one that helped us go. But 11:14 what we did and what we focused on was 11:16 based on cash flow, let's stack as many 11:19 rentals as possible. And that is the 11:20 best decision that I think that we made 11:22 is we set a fantastic base. And as we 11:25 got better, we set more and more rules 11:27 such as have a reserve, have, you know, 11:29 all the normal things that one would do. 11:31 But I think the most important thing for 11:33 me was that we didn't let all of the 11:35 unknowns stop us from moving forward in 11:37 the business. You should plan, you 11:39 should buy better than Cody and I did on 11:41 our first like five deals. You you 11:42 really should have more money in the 11:44 accounts. But what we ended up doing was 11:46 we stacked a very very large rental 11:47 portfolio. And eventually we were able 11:50 to refy, restructure, fill those 11:52 accounts. was fantastic, Remy. 11:54 Yeah. 11:55 With that property. Do you have like a 11:57 separate contract with them that says 11:58 I'm borrowing this much from you? 12:00 So, we have a we have an option contract 12:03 that I put as an addendum to the OA. 12:05 It's technically a separate contract. I 12:07 just have a soul sign at the same time. 12:08 So, it's nice and clean. So, we have our 12:09 operating agreement and then I add the 12:12 option contract. So, it says standard 12:14 purchase option. It just says, "Hey, 12:16 within 5 years for this fixed price," so 12:18 in that case of the six unit uh for your 12:21 consideration of $90,000, we can buy out 12:23 your equity stake, which was 33% of the 12:26 six units for $180,000 within 5 years. 12:30 Now, one thing with options is options 12:33 legally have to be optional. Hence the 12:35 word option. You can't have a 12:36 requirement, otherwise you've created a 12:39 security. The SEC doesn't like this. you 12:41 would have to file that as a 12:42 syndication. To have an option contract, 12:45 you have to have an option, but you can 12:47 put triggers for if the option isn't 12:49 executed, then this happens. And so, our 12:52 option is secured by our equity. So, we 12:54 said, hey, we have an exclusive right to 12:57 buy you out for 180 within 5 years. In 13:00 the event that we do not do that, 13:02 we surrender 100% of our equity to you 13:05 and you get all of these properties, 13:06 like all three duplexes at the awesome 13:09 basis that we currently have them for. 13:11 You get a great deal. We do not want to 13:14 lose our duplexes. That is not uh that's 13:16 not the goal. So, we've incentivized the 13:18 objectives with the outcomes, but that's 13:20 how we use the option contract. It's 13:21 essentially I just tack it to the back 13:23 of the operating agreement and those sit 13:26 in our file. Uh, but that's all it is. 13:28 Purchase option contract. Good question. 13:30 Those are really helpful on the on the 13:32 JV structure, which is how Cody and I 13:34 have done most of our structures. If you 13:36 have five or less people on the deal, 13:39 great way to structure it. If you're 13:40 going to have passive investors who have 13:42 no activity whatsoever in the LLC, or if 13:44 you are doing if you have guaranteed 13:48 exits, if you have a lot of specific 13:49 metrics, you're going to want to file 13:50 with the SEC, run a syndication. I've 13:53 done a few. They're expensive. They are 13:56 timeconuming. And you have to report 13:58 regularly to like 15 partners. It's not 14:00 my favorite way to do real estate. If I 14:03 was going back and starting over again, 14:05 I would raise more money on the front 14:07 end of my deals. I would not change the 14:08 deal structures that Cody and I used. 14:10 Not significantly. We kept simple 14:12 structures, simple contracts that we 14:15 were able to actually structure 14:17 correctly and then bring to a bank to 14:18 refinance, which is something that I 14:20 didn't realize. If you get too creative 14:22 in your contracts, you do tons of crazy 14:24 deals. I remember the first and second 14:27 time we went for a bank loan. The 14:28 lender's like, "Dude, your portfolio is 14:31 amazing what you guys put together." But 14:33 it is held together with like bubble gum 14:35 and duct tape of like how did you 14:38 structure this? I don't know. Was it 14:40 toothpicks and bubble gum? Is that what 14:41 they That was the phrase. Toothpicks and 14:43 bubble gum was the exact word from like 14:45 this this works. This is legal. They're 14:48 like, "This is going to be really 14:49 difficult to explain to a lender because 14:51 every single loan you have, no bank has 14:53 ever bet on you ever. You structured 14:55 everything creatively." So, one of the 14:57 things that Cody and I learned through 14:58 this adventure is this. The simpler the 15:00 contract is and the simpler the 15:02 structure, the easier it is to take it 15:03 to the bank. The 38, we have a very 15:06 standard seller finance note and a few 15:08 partners that are getting bought out at 15:09 the refi. There's nothing crazy to 15:11 explain to the bank. When they we got 15:13 the funding for it, they wrote us a big 15:14 old check. We bought out the partners. 15:16 We owned that building by ourselves for 15:18 years. Eventually, Cody came in and 15:20 bought me out of the building. So, Cody 15:22 now uh turned it into 39 units. So, the 15:24 38 is a 39 and it is solely Cody's. Some 15:28 of these structures absolutely 15:31 absolutely simple and without fail. Our 15:33 best deals were that I'll close on the 15:36 biggest mistake from our structure 15:39 here. Oh, little story of the Robin 15:41 Hood. And we've shared this a little 15:42 bit, but now that the transactions are 15:44 all done, we bought this with a few 15:45 capital partners, Cody, me, and we had 15:48 another operator. The other operator, 15:50 I'll be nice to them, they didn't work 15:51 out, I'll leave them not to be named. 15:53 So, within the first year, Cody and I 15:54 cut them a very small check and said 15:56 like, "Hey, your options are we're going 15:57 to pay a little bit of money or we're 15:58 probably going to just have to sue you. 16:01 This isn't working." Uh, and they were 16:02 like, "Oh, I would love money." So, that 16:04 worked out really well. They they left 16:05 the resort. Cody was living here by 16:07 himself with less help and was like, 16:10 "Bad news, Christian. I'm now uh 21." 16:14 And turns out living in Union and often 16:16 commuting to Moses Lake or Renton is not 16:18 super fun when you're single and 21. If 16:21 you guys have seen the average 16:22 demographic of Union, there's not a ton 16:26 there's not a ton of 21 year olds. 16:28 There's there's there's really not. So, 16:32 we ended up with 16:34 we had borrowed the or not borrowed, but 16:36 we partnered for the million dollars 16:38 down. We had an agreement that, hey, 16:39 we're going to we're going to give you a 16:41 little return on 700,000 of this was a 16:43 private investor. We're going to give 16:45 you a little return on year three. What 16:47 we did with the Robin Hood is what we 16:49 did with everything at that time. We 16:51 started the Robin Hood with no rena 16:52 budget, no reserve, renovating out of 16:54 cash flow. The way that we structured 16:56 the note, all of our proceeds through 16:58 the year at the end of the summer pay 17:00 down our loan, which means Cody and I 17:02 perpetually for three years on a project 17:05 had $0. It makes money. Then you pay 17:08 that money to the prior owner. We owe 17:10 less. Our mortgage costs go down, which 17:12 was sweet. So our our our money goes up 17:14 a little bit every year. And then a tree 17:16 falls and we have to get trees removed. 17:19 And then we're out of money. And then we 17:20 bank all the money in the summer at the 17:22 resort. And then we hand it over to the 17:24 prior owners. And so we were running in 17:26 board games, we call that top decking. 17:28 You're out of cards and you're like, 17:29 "Next cards got to save me. Let's go." 17:32 We were just drawing the next dollar and 17:34 putting it in the next thing. And we got 17:35 stuck on this for a while. Eventually, 17:37 we got to a point where I had scaled my 17:38 business enough in Texas. Cody is buying 17:41 up central Washington. And the other 17:43 investors were like, "Hey, Robin Hood's 17:45 working, but not the way that we wanted 17:46 it to." We traded around the pieces. 17:49 Danny and I just in the last few months 17:51 restructured the Robin Hood. Cody and I 17:53 trade around some properties. Danny and 17:56 I now own and operate the Robin Hood. 17:58 That was three years of absolute pain 18:01 from structuring our loan as we have 700 18:04 as a semiquasi passive investor. We have 18:08 some private money lenders who joined 18:10 for the accelerated tax benefits. So, we 18:12 did some special tax maneuvers. 18:15 Cody and I are partnered with an 18:17 operating team that no one has ever run 18:19 a resort in their life. So, we put 18:20 together the dream team of three 18:22 inexperienced people. It was the dumbest 18:24 thing that we did in our career. Now, 18:26 today, if you were like, "Hey, would you 18:28 sell the Robin Hood?" No, this is mine. 18:29 I love this. If I could go back in time, 18:31 I would have not bought the Robin Hood. 18:33 I put my whole business behind 3 years. 18:35 It put strain on Cody and my it put 18:37 strain on our friendship, our 18:38 partnership, but more importantly, it 18:40 put strain on our wallets while we were 18:42 trying to build two other businesses. 18:43 We're trying to scale property 18:44 management. We're trying to scale multif 18:45 family. And every time we earn money, it 18:49 gets sucked up by this project. It was 18:52 very, very frustrating. So, if I have 18:54 one lesson for everyone, I'm going to 18:56 repeat the beginning of this. If it's 18:58 simple, it's repeatable, it's 18:59 repeatable, it's scalable. Buy based on 19:01 cash flow with margin. If you just do 19:05 that, you will get a raise every single 19:07 time you close. Your stress level will 19:09 be like here. Actually, lower than here. 19:11 It's less stressful than it was before 19:13 you bought the property cuz now you just 19:14 have more money. 19:16 I have done that pretty much exclusively 19:18 through my Texas portfolio. That's the 19:20 way Cody buys all of his deals now. 19:23 Cody, I'm sure you'll probably talk 19:24 about it, but Cody is swapping a lot of 19:26 his old 1950s inventory for new built 19:30 2023 19:32 2023 built buildings that are gorgeous. 19:35 They cash flow. If you get nothing else 19:38 from this entire event, just remember if 19:40 I buy income, my income goes up. That's 19:42 that's Christian's Dave Ramsey 19:44 equivalent. Dave Dave Dave's like, if 19:46 you spend less money, you have more 19:48 money. It's like, well, thanks Dave. I 19:49 see why everyone buys your book. That's 19:51 hard to argue. So Christian's Dave 19:52 thesis is if you only buy income, you 19:55 will have more income. So everyone buy 19:58 my upcoming book. I'm kidding. I don't 19:59 have one yet. The down payment for this 20:01 was $1 million. I was told zero, but it 20:03 became 1 million. The original plan for 20:05 the embarrassing Cody and I were in our 20:08 20s. Cody's still in his 20s. 20:10 Our exit plan for this was they're 20:12 making so much topline income, but we're 20:15 going to run a tighter set of expenses. 20:16 We're going to be much better marketers 20:18 than the prior own. Basically, we did 20:19 our our projections on we're going to be 20:21 better than the prior owners. But with 20:22 our proforma, we were going to increase 20:25 the value of the Robin Hood 20:26 substantially and just earn our way 20:28 through the buyout with the projected 20:30 cash flow. We're going to write them a 20:32 check. we're just going to earn it out 20:33 of cash flow. So all the operating 20:36 income from the first three years we're 20:38 going to go to the investors. We'd buy 20:39 out the first one and then the other 20:41 person who was in for three. So one was 20:43 the 700. We're going to buy them out. 20:45 And then the other person at 300 had a 20:47 five to eightyear window for us to buy 20:49 them out. They're like we'll ride as 20:50 long as you want. We just want a return. 20:52 So we had uh staggered timelines to buy 20:56 everyone out out of cash flow. Then what 20:58 happened is there was no marketing 21:01 budget because the marketing budget was 21:02 spent on tree removal and cabin 21:04 revitalization and roof fixing and all 21:08 of the stuff we furnace fires. That was 21:10 actually one of the least expensive 21:11 things we had to do. Thank you Johnny 21:13 Nyl for cutting us a a friends and 21:15 family pity discount for like you guys 21:17 got screwed. He came in and helped us 21:19 out with some of our furnaces. 21:21 But as we went through that project that 21:23 the vision was hey we're going to do 21:25 this out of cash flow. We're going to 21:26 sacrifice the income to pay out 21:27 everyone. What happened in practice was 21:30 we realized Cody and I realized because 21:32 despite our original structure, Cody and 21:35 I can both do math pretty well. That was 21:37 one of the the things that we both have 21:38 the ability to do, which I'm grateful 21:40 for. We knew about what end of year one, 21:45 we're like, uh, two years we're going to 21:46 be in a lot of pain. Like we got through 21:48 the first one. I remember sitting in my 21:50 house just feeling numb on my fireplace 21:52 like, "Cody, I don't know what we're 21:54 going to do in two years. The math's not 21:56 mathing. There's no way." Yep. I I 21:58 remember when we were sitting down and 21:59 Cody was like, "So, I math it out for 22:01 how much we need to save per month 22:03 outside of the Robin Hood to pay off a 22:05 million dollars in two years." I was 22:07 like, "We're not c we're not cash 22:10 flowing what is that? 415ish. We're not 22:12 cash flowing $415,000 yet. We're we're a 22:15 year and a half into this puppy. This 22:17 isn't good." We ended up figuring it out 22:19 and the you know I'll leave this as my 22:21 closing encouragement to everyone. I got 22:23 this from Grant Cardone and love them or 22:24 hate them. I tend to be more on the like 22:25 not really a huge fan side. He has this 22:28 saying that I loved which was hey if you 22:30 have problems just scale until your big 22:32 problems are small problems. And so that 22:35 was a big reason why I moved to Texas 22:37 and started expanding the portfolio down 22:38 there. If anyone has seen any of my 22:40 content online you're like oh you went 22:42 from what four units to 400 units. Uh, 22:46 end of next week we should be at 500 and 22:50 I'm closing on 144 roughly 550 rental 22:53 units. It's like, wow, how did you scale 22:54 so aggressively? I'm like, uh, the Robin 22:56 Hood was scary enough where I had to get 22:58 my butt in gear and get to work. That's 22:59 that's the honest answer is you can 23:02 scale it, but what I what I learned from 23:04 that is I'm like, okay, so I could have 23:06 done this the whole time. the five 23:09 years, four and a half I spent to build 23:11 the portfolio that I have today, which 23:13 cash flows way beyond the original 15K 23:16 that I was targeting. I built that 23:18 because I was worried about our 23:20 decisions that we made at the Robin 23:21 Hood. And eventually what happened is 23:22 that business did scale enough or just 23:24 barely barely. I sacrificed the income 23:27 from those two years of all of the work 23:29 we did to be able to own the Robin Hood 23:31 with just my wife and I, which has been 23:32 a really cool ending to the story. Now, 23:35 we still have like a million dollars of 23:36 stuff to do here, but now we know we can 23:39 do it because we've done it before. So, 23:41 my big encouragement was I spent eight 23:43 years trying to save for a couple of 23:44 duplexes when I had a target that was 23:47 clear enough, someone with no 23:50 significant real estate experience, no 23:52 friends or family money, very limited 23:54 connections, was able to build a huge 23:56 portfolio. In fact, I'll have Matt speak 23:58 a little later today. Matt's done a 24:00 very, very, very similar thing with a 24:02 very specific why. So, when you know 24:04 where you're headed and you know what 24:05 you have to do, it's amazing how much 24:06 you can scale. Some points I'm like, 24:08 "Wow, I wish we didn't go through so 24:09 much pain." On other points, I'm like, 24:10 "Wow, wish we had a $5 million problem. 24:13 That'd be sweet if I could solve that in 24:14 two years." That's my biggest takeaway 24:15 from real estate. 24:18 We'll start uh right at the top of the 24:20 hour. All right, guys. Thank you so much 24:21 for attending.
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